Jon P. answered 04/09/15
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If for each batter the number of hits is the number of pitches minus 11 (that is, 11 less than the number of pitches), then the number of pitches must be 11 more than the number of hits -- for each batter. That's a way of stating in words what the function says as an equation.
So for each batter, add 11 to his number of hits to get the number of pitches:
Start with {4, 12, 14, 27, 42} hits, and you get {15, 23, 25, 38, 53} pitches. So add the number of pitches for each batter, to get the total, and that's 154.