Bradford T. answered 05/10/21
Retired Engineer / Upper level math instructor
If you have a function such as h(x) = f(x)g(x), taking the log of both sides allows the derivative product rule to be used.
ln(h(x)) = ln(f(x)g(x)) = g(x)ln(f(x))
h'(x)/h(x) = g(x)f'(x)/f(x) +g'(x)ln(f(x))
h'(x) = h(x)[g(x)f'(x)/f(x) +g'(x)ln(f(x)]
= f(x)g(x)[g(x)f'(x)/f(x) +g'(x)ln(f(x)]