Curvature is defined as k(x) = y''/(1+y'2)3/2 . Usually, people are interested in mins or maxes of curvature so they take the derivative and set it to zero. This results in a polynomial of the first three derivatives of y:
P(x) = y'''(1+y'2) - 3y'(y'')2
You find the zeros of this equation in order to find the extrema.