f(x)=x-5; translation 4 units to the left

Answer 1

Since you are translating left/right, this is an addition/subtraction to the x-variable (x is left/right and y is up/down).

Always remember that when dealing with the x-variable, it is opposite what you would normally think so to go left instead of subtracting (I would normally think subtracting is associated with moving left) you must add (do the opposite of what you think it should be).

So add 4 to the x-variable making it f(x) = (x+4) - 5

Simplifying, you get f(x) = x - 1