Let A1 be the area of the original rectangle with length x and width x-2:
A1 = x*(x-2) = x2 - 2x
Now let A2 be the area of the rectangle after we double the length to 2x and the width to 2(x-2):
A2 = 2x*2(x-2)
= 4x2 - 8x
= 4(x2 - 2x)
= 4A1
When you double the dimensions, the area increases by 22 = 4