How do classical composers write music?

Question

I am starting to learn about music theory and today it hit me how do classical composers such as Mozart and Beethoven are able to write music for instruments they don't play, such as (for example purpose) timpani or trumpet. Is it all music theory or just that they where such genius they could intuitive compose for any instrument?

Answer 1

They studied orchestration, analyzed musical scores, and consulted with instrumentalists for advice.

Answer 2

Hi, most composers are able to play several instruments. Piano is a great instrument to be able to orchestrate their ideas. Challenge for a composer is, being able to know all range and specifics of orchestral instruments. For instance since a flute and violin are concert pitched instruments, clarinet, horns and saxophones are transposed instruments. Viola has alto clef as cello's high notes must be notated with tenor clef. It is a very involved work. This is also why most of today's film composers don't orchestrate their work.

I hope my answer was helpful.

Evren.