Hello, thank you for taking the time to post your question!
This is a difference of squares term, since both v^2 and 4 are perfect squares of “v” and “2”. That means that the expression can be rewritten as
v^2 – 4 = (v – 2)(v + 2)
I hope that helps get you moving in the right direction! Feel free to reach out if you have any additional questions beyond that :)