Philip P. answered 05/07/14
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When you have a fraction in the denominator, you invert it (change 1/2 to 2/1) and multiply:
1 1 2
--- = --- * --- = 2
1/2 1 1
A second way to think of it is that 1 is twice as big as 1/2, so the ratio 1/(1/2) = 2.
A third way to do it is to multiply the numerator and denominator by the reciprocal of the fraction. The reciprocal of 1/2 is 2/1 = 2, and (1/2)*2=1:
1 1 2 2
--- = ------ * --- = --- = 2
1/2 (1/2) 2 1
--- = ------ * --- = --- = 2
1/2 (1/2) 2 1
All three ways are equivalent.