this is known as a piece-wise defined function
since 3 is greater than -2, we use the function f(x) = -2x - 1
therefore, f(3) = -2(3) - 1 = - 6 - 1 = - 7
since 4 is greater than -2, we again use the function f(x) = -2x - 1
therefore, f(4) = -2(4) - 1 = -8 - 1 = -9
since -2 is equal to -2, we also use the function f(x) = -2x -1
therefore, f(-2) = -2(-2) - 1 = 4 - 1 = 3