1.) By looking at the table, Choice C is best represented as a scatter data with number of girls as an independent (explanatory) variable.
2.) f(x) = |4x| - 5
Compressed horizontally by a factor of 1/2 → |4/(1/2)x| - 5 = |(4*2)x| - 5 = |8x| - 5
Reflect across the x-axis → - (|8x| - 5) = - |8x| + 5 (negative sign in front of the absolute value function and distribute the negative sign to each term)
In this case, Choice C is the correct answer.