John C. answered 11/20/20
The Problem Solver
If a polynomial has rational coefficients and an irrational root, like 3+√2, then the conjugate, in this case 3-√2, must also be a root. The minimal polynomial for these two numbers will be a quadratic.
Putting x = 3+√2, we have x2 = 11+6√2
Subtract 6x = 18 + 6√2
and add 7 to get 0.
So x2-6x+7 gives the roots 3+√2 and 3-√2.
But we need -2 as a root, too, so we need to multiply by x+2.