1) This expression is the difference of cubes (a-b)^3 with a=2x and b=5 \
this factors to (2x-5)( 4x^2+10x +25)
2) The rational zero theorem states that all the possible rational zeros can be found by dividing all the factors of the final term by the factors of the leading term
factors of 4 are +/- 1,2,4
factors of 8 are +/- 1,2,4,8
this gives us +/-(1) +/-(1/2), +/-(1/4), +/-(1/8) +/-(2), +/-(4)