Probably the most mathematically simple way to simplify this is to break down each number into prime factors and look for "3 of a kind" sets.
12 = 6 • 2 or 3 • 2 • 2
18 = 2 • 9 or 2 • 3 • 3
Multiply them together, and we have 3 • 2 • 2 • 2 • 3 • 3. There are 3 2's and 3 3's. A cube root turns these sets of 3 of a kind into just 1 of a kind. The three 2's become one 2, and the three 3's become one 3. So what is left is 3 • 2, which equals 6.