Which calendar do academic archeologists and historians use to date events in ancient times: proleptic Julian or proleptic Gregorian?

Answer 1

Academic archaeologists and historians use a wide variety of calendars to date events in ancient times. We will usually use the calendar of the group being studied, and work back to an equivalent date in the modern Gregorian calendar based on accepted equivalent days between calendars. Often, though, the relative date of an event is much more important and obtainable than its absolute date, so trying to align ancient and modern calendars is a somewhat pointless exercise.