You are on the right track! The oooooooother side needs to also go over the same denominator. You can't simplify just the one side.
Since the common denominator is (x + 2)(x - 1), the other side looks like...
4x2 + 4x - 8/(x - 1)(x + 2)
Now, once you have the common denominator, you don't need it anymore. We only deal with the numerators.
x2 - 7x - 12 = 4x2 + 4x - 8
3x2 + 11x + 4 = 0
Now, you have a = 3, b = 11 and c = 4 for your quadratic formula.
Go!