
Robert N. answered 05/18/19
University of FL Physics & Engineering Major w/ Strong Math Background
A function is a polynomial function if it looks like Ax^B + Cx^D + ..., where A, B, C, D, ..., are any numbers. An example of a function that is not polynomial is sinx or A^x, again where A is any number.
Just to avoid confusion, A is not a variable, it is a fixed number, like 5.2 for example. While x varies to give the varying values of f(x) and draw out the function's curve on a graph, A stays constant throughout the entire graph, and so do B, C, D,... in this explanation.
The degree of a polynomial function is simply the highest exponent present in it.
The carrot in my explanation denotes that the next number is in superscript (it is an exponent).