You want ax + b = 4/x at x = -1
a(-1) + b = 4/(-1)
-a + b = -4
You also want ax + b = 2/x when x = 1/2
a(1/2) + b = 2/(1/2)
a/2 + b = 4
You have a system of two equations:
-a + b = -4
a/2 + b = 4
Solve by substitution or elimination.