s = -5t2 + 40t
To find the extreme point, take the derivative of s wrt t, set it to zero, and solve for t:
ds/dt = -10t + 40
0 = -10t + 40
Solve for t. That is the time it takes to come to a stop. Plug that value of t into the original equation for s to compute the distance needed to come to a stop. It will only come to an instantaneous stop before reversing direction.