Ed M. answered 07/06/16
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Help with grammar, French, SAT Writing, the TOEFL and ESL.
If you're asking if the statement "A subordinate clause actually is a thought complete in itself" is true or false, I'd have to say the answer is "false." The part "a thought complete in itself" seems to be a reference to one traditional, semantic definition of sentence, which however is often misapplied when trying to determine whether something is a "complete" sentence, i.e., a written unit beginning with a capital letter and ending in a period or other end punctuation and consisting of at least one main or independent clause, a clause having at minimum a subject and a conjugated verb. So It's homework for my class is a clause (the subject is It and the verb, though contracted to 's, is is) and thus can be a main/independent clause because you could write this as a single sentence (or in the terms of what you're asking about, a complete "thought"), i.e.,
It's homework for my class.
A subordinate clause is a clause that begins with a subordinating conjunction, also known as a subordinator, like if, when, after, before and because. So for example in I will be asking a lot of questions because they're for my class, there is a main/independent clause I will be asking a lot of questions and a subordinate clause because they're for my class. Now, even though I would disagree that because they're for my class doesn't express a complete thought (notice we could write They're for my class as a sentence by itself), technically because of the presence of the subordinator because we cannot write this as a sentence on its own but rather this subordinate clause must be joined to main clause like I will be asking a lot of questions. That is, to write simply
Because they're for my class.
is deemed an "error" since this is not complete, and this kind of error is often called a (sentence) fragment.