Hi Jeff,
I can't be completely sure but I think your question is related to order of operations.
Recall PEMDAS
Parentheses, exponents, multiplication/division, addition/subtraction
This is the order in which we perform operations. And, when there are multiple operations that fall into one of the above categories, we proceed left to right.
So let's take a look at your expression. I'm going to space it out a bit, trying to keep thing aligned.
[-4+5] -3{[-3-2] - [10+7-9] + 1}
1 -3{ [-5] - [8] + 1}
1 -3 {-12}
1 + 36
37
Your expression is equal to 37.
Hope this helps