How to find the hybridization states of atoms?

Answer 1

To determine the hybridization states of atoms, you can follow these general steps:

1. Identify the central atom: Determine the central atom in the molecule or ion. This is typically the atom that forms the most bonds.
2. Count the number of valence electrons: Determine the number of valence electrons for the central atom. This is the total number of electrons in the outermost shell of the atom.
3. Determine the number of electron pairs around the central atom: Count the total number of bonds and lone pairs around the central atom. Each bond and lone pair counts as one electron pair.
4. Apply the hybridization concept: Use the concept of hybridization to determine the hybrid orbitals formed by the central atom to accommodate the electron pairs. The hybridization of the central atom is based on the number of electron pairs.
5. Determine the hybrid orbitals and their geometry: Based on the hybridization, determine the type of hybrid orbitals involved (e.g., sp, sp2, sp3) and their geometry (e.g., linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral). This will give you an idea of the arrangement of the electron pairs around the central atom.

Answer 2

Viewers,

I made a video showing how to name this compound.

https://youtu.be/XZuPMj6PYNA

Best,

Dr. P