What's a chemical test to distinguish between each of the following pairs:

Question

propanoyl chloride and propanamide.

propanal and propan-2-ol.

methyl ethanoate and propene

Answer 1

Acetyl chlorides like propanoyl chloride can be detected with silver nitrate; a cloudy mixture will form and AgCl will precipitate; the amide will not ne effected. the aldehyde (propanal) will be detected with Tollen's reagent and form a "silver mirror" on the walls of the test tube. The alkene (propene) can be detected with bromine in CCl₄ as the bromine adds across the double bond.