Draw the following structures of the reactants and products and name using only condensed formulas. 1-heptanol + H2SO4 delta= 3-Pentanone + NaBH4 =

Answer 1

The first reaction is the acid-catalyzed dehydration of an alcohol. Sulfuric acid deprotonates the hydroxyl group, making it OH₂⁺, a good leaving group. The water leaves, giving a primary carbocation. Water deprotonates Carbon #2 to yield a terminal alkene. Note that primary carbocations are unstable, so a hydride shift occurs to give a secondary carbocation intermediate. Another product is an internal alkene. The two compounds formed are:

CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH=CH₂ and CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH=CHCH₃, named hept-1-ene and hept-2-ene respectively.

The second reaction is the reduction of 3-pentanone with sodium borohydride. Sodium borohydride reduces ketones to alcohols. The compound produced is 3-pentanol, CH₃CH₂CH(OH)CH₂CH₃.