So, if we draw a straight line down from (3,8) to the x-axis and then another from there to (-3,0), we see that we have a right triangle with the line from our given points being the hypotenuse.
Another way to think of subtraction is "how far apart are two numbers.?" 9 - (-2) = 11 because the two are 11 apart.
What's the Pythagorean theorem? a2 + b2 = c2, so if we take the square root of both sides, c = √(a2 + b2).
Let's put all that together.
c = √((3 - (-3))2 + (8 - 0)2)
c = √(62 + 82)
c = √(36 + 64)
c = √100
c = 10