Hi Liz,
The trick is to notice that since the train is going 54 km/hr and the bike is going straight towards it at 36 km/hr, the total speed is 54 + 36 = 90 km/hr. Then convert to m/hr to get:
90 km/hr x 1000 m/km = 90,000 m/hr
Now you want to see how long it takes to travel 100 m, so use the distance formula, d = rate x time to get:
100 = 90,000 x time --> time = 100 / 90,000 = 1/900 hours
Converting this to seconds, you get:
1/900 hr x 60 min/hr x 60 sec/min = 4 seconds
Hope that helps!
Daniel