Advice on writing for music boxes?

Question

I need to write two different short pieces for music boxes. The main limitations I'm facing are that I have to stay within 2 octaves and I can only(ish) write in the key of C major (or just C, D, E, F, G, A, and B). What should I keep in mind when trying to do this? How could I make a melody more interesting? So far, I've figured out that since the tempo depends on the player, odd time signatures may not be the best choice. I'm also not sure that writing on anything but C major would suit me. What do you think of that? Also, since I haven't seen this asked anywhere else, how would you tackle this problem?

Answer 1

This question is three years old now but for anyone who has wondered or searched about this. As eluded to, a "mechanical" music box is restricted by several factors. The first is the amount of notes. Music boxes can range from 15 notes to maybe 144 notes. By the poster describing the two-octave limitation, it is probably of the 15-note variety. Typically (and practically), 15-note music boxes only include diatonic notes (notes of the key). This also seems the case by describing the limitation of staying within the given key (C Major). Given this limitation, we are relegated to a pretty vanilla arrangement.

The other limitation here then, assuming this is now a small music box project, is that you only have a finite amount of time to use before the piece repeats, so think 16 bars maybe. So, a simple tune that can completely resolve in 16 bars (and repeat endlessly). So, I would totally go after that single note melody line first, then a supporting bassline (as much as you are going to get out of an octave), some bass walks, maybe some counterpoint and/or some harmony interval notes with the melody. You don't have a lot of sustain here so whole notes and half notes are not going to work. Overuse of quarter notes without eight notes is boring as well as overuse of eighth notes without some relief. Mix it up and allow some space. Be judicious with full chords. This can quickly get muddied.

Answer 2

I would use an ostinato pattern in the harmony so the melody pops out a little more. Also melodic interest can be made by making a consistent use of small or similar sized intervals with intermittent use of non-chord tones or deviations in interval size or pattern to create interest. Also change in harmonic rhythm can add emphasis to a simple melody when trying to work in cramped writing settings.