Explain the steps of the Citric Acid Cycle (aka Krebs Cycle) and why this cycle is so important for cellular respiration.

After pyruvate is converted into Acetyl-CoA, it enters a key metabolic cycle that takes place in the mitochondria. This cycle involves a series of enzyme-driven reactions that break down carbon... more

What must happen to pyruvate after it enters the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle)?

Once glycolysis is finished, pyruvate is created as the end product. If oxygen is present, pyruvate doesn’t just stay in the cytoplasm—it’s moved into the mitochondria, where it goes through more... more

What happens after glycolysis in the presence of oxygen and in the absence of oxygen?

Consider what the cell does with the products of glycolysis under different environmental conditions. When there's plenty of oxygen available, how might the cell continue extracting energy from... more

What is the purpose of glycolysis, and what are the main steps involved in this process?

This question asks you to explain both the function of glycolysis in cellular metabolism and the sequence of steps it includes. You'll need to describe what glycolysis accomplishes for the cell... more

Which glycolysis enzyme might be affected in someone with a mutation who experiences fatigue and muscle pain during intense exercise due to reduced energy production?

This question asks you to think about how a mutation in a glycolytic enzyme might lead to symptoms like fatigue and muscle pain, especially during intense physical activity. It invites you to... more

Can glycolysis occur in the absence of oxygen? Why or why not?

This question focuses on whether oxygen is required for glycolysis to take place. It asks you to consider where glycolysis occurs in the cell, how it fits into the overall process of cellular... more

Why does ATP "store" so much energy?

This question asks why ATP is able to hold so much energy, especially in relation to how cells generate and use energy during cellular respiration. Think about the structure of ATP and why it's an... more

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