For Ca(CO3)2 Ca is 40.1/162.1 of the mass. The mass concentration is 40.5 mg/liter. That makes the Ca concentration 40.1 x 40.5/162.1 The Ca concentration is 10.0 mg/liter.
The 10.0 mg/liter is a temporary hardness as when boiled the Ca(CO3)2 will be changed to Ca(CO3) + H2O and CO2. The Ca(CO3) will come of solution giving a permanent concentration of zero.
For Ca(SO4) Ca is 40.1/136.2. The mass concentration is 6.8 mg/liter. That makes the Ca concentration 40.1 x 6.8/136.2. The Ca concentration is 2.00 mg/liter.
The 2.00 mg/liter is permanent hardness.
For Ca(Cl2) Ca is 40.08/110.98. The mass concentration is 38.85 mg/liter. That makes the Ca concentration 40.08 x 38.85/110.98. The Ca concentration is 14.03 mg/liter.
The 14.03 mg/liter is permanent hardness.
For Mg(SO4) Mg is 24.3/120.4. The mass concentration is 6 mg/liter. That makes the Mg concentration 24.3 x 6/120.4. The Mg concentration is 1.21 mg/liter. But in this case our least significant figure has only one digit making the final answer 1 mg/liter.
The 1 mg/liter is permanent hardness.
For Mg(Cl2) Mg is 24.3/95.3. The mass concentration is 3.8 mg/liter. That makes the Mg concentration
24.3 x 3.8/95.3. The Mg concentration is 0.969 mg/liter. But in this case our least significant figure has only 2 digits making the final answer 0.97 mg/liter.
The 0.97 mg/liter is permanent hardness.
The SiO2 has neither Ca or Mg. That makes its hardness zero.
