Joseph W. answered 01/13/16
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Dual Degreed Electrical Engineering and Math Tutor
Ok, so the distance run is inclusive of all the distance traveled. In this case, it's 20 + 8 or 28 meters. the total displacement refers to the total distance between the starting point and the ending point, regardless of the total distance traveled. Therefore, if the official ran 20 meters one direction, then 8 meters backwards, his total displacement, or change of position from where he started to where he finished, is 20 - 8 or 12 meters.
Let me know if you need more help or assistance drawing the diagram.