Jerica,
Since y = 3x+8, you can substitute 3x+8 for y in the first equation
2x+5y=23
2x + 5(3x+8) = 23
2x + 15x + 40 = 23
Combining terms
17x + 40 - -23
17x = -17
x = -1
And since y = 3x+8
y = 3(-1) + 8
y = -3+8
y = 5
x = -1
y = 5