Use the vertex form:
y = a(x-h)2 + k
where (h, k) = (-2,20) is the location of the vertex and a is a constant.
y = a(x-(-2))2 + 20
y = a(x+2)2 + 20
To find the value of the constant, a, plug in the x and y values from the y-intercept, (0, -12):
-12 = a(0+2)2 + 20
-32 = 4a
-8 = a
y = -8(x+2)2 + 20
The problem statement wants the answer in standard form, not vertex form. Multiply the vertex form of the equation out and combine like terms to put it into standard form.