Let x = Samantha's age
Her father's age = x + 36
Three years from now, her age will be (x + 3), and her father's will be (x + 36) + 3 = x + 39
x + 39 = 5(x + 3)
x + 39 = 5x + 15
39 = 4x + 15
24 = 4x
6 = x
Samantha is six years old (and her father is x + 36 = 6 + 36 = 42)